DEVELOPMENT REPORT - Breathing Easier: The Art of Stove Making 发展报道——呼吸更安全:火炉制作的艺术 More than thre

DEVELOPMENT REPORT - Breathing Easier: The Art of Stove Making



发展报道——呼吸更安全:火炉制作的艺术




More than three billion people are at risk from indoor air pollution because of the heating or cooking fuels they use. Most live in Africa, India and China. They use biomass fuels like wood, crop waste, animal waste or coal. These solid fuels may be the least costly fuels available. But they are also a major cause of health problems and death.



超过30亿人由于使用加热或烹饪燃料产生的室内空气污染因而处在危险中。大部分人生活在非洲、印度和中国。他们使用生物质燃料如木材、作物废料、动物粪便和煤。这些固体燃料价格低廉容易获取。但是他们是产生健康问题和死亡的主要原因。



For more than thirty years, the Aprovecho Research Center has been designing cleaner, low-cost cooking stoves for the developing world. Dean Still is the director of the group which is based in the United States. He notes a World Health Organization estimate that more than one and a half million people a year die from breathing smoke from solid fuels.



三十多年前,Aprovecho研究中心就已经在为发展中国家设计更清洁、低成本的炉灶。Dean Still是设在美国该研究中心的主管。他表示世界卫生组织估记每年有超过150万人因吸入固体燃料的烟雾而死。



DEAN STILL: "And half of the people on planet Earth every day use wood or biomass for cooking. These are the people on Earth who have less money, and the richer people use oil and gas. It's been estimated that wood is running out more quickly than oil and gas. And so it is very important for the poorer people to have very efficient stoves that protect their forests and that protect their health."



Dean Still “全球每天有一半人在使用木材或是生物燃料做饭,这些人只有很少的钱,但是富人却在使用石油和天然气做饭。据估计木材消耗的速度要比石油、天然气更快。因此贫困的穷人使用更高效的炉子保护他们的森林以及他们的健康尤为重要。



Every year Aprovecho holds a "stove camp" at its testing station in Cottage Grove, Oregon. Engineers, inventors, students and others come together to design and test different methods and materials for improving stoves.



每年在俄勒冈的农舍果园的试验站,Aprovecho都举办“火炉露营”。工程师、发明者、学生还有其它人一起设计、测试改良火炉的不同方法和材质。



Over the years, the group has made stoves using mud, bricks, sheet metal, clay, ceramics and old oil drums. Most of the stoves look like large, deep cooking pots. They have an opening at the bottom for the fire and a place on top to put a pot.



多年来,研究中心已经研制了使用泥土、砖块、金属薄片、粘土、陶瓷、旧油桶的火炉,大部分的炉子都像又大又深的饭锅。这些炉子都下端开口烧火,上端的位置放锅。



In the late nineteen seventies, Aprovecho produced a popular stove called the Lorena. The Lorena was very good at reducing smoke and warming homes. But new tests years later found that it was not very efficient. The Lorena used twice as much wood as an open fire, and took much longer to heat food.



十九世纪七十年代末,Aprovecho研究中心研制了一个非常受欢迎叫到Lorena的炉子。Lorena炉子可以很好的减少烟雾的产生,使屋子迅速暖和。但是多年后新的测试发现这种炉子并不是那么的有效。Lorana炉子打一次火需要使用两倍多的木材,并且要花更多的时间加热食物。



Since then, Dean Still says they have experimented with countless other designs.



从那之后,Dean Still说他们已做了不计其数的其它类型设计的测试。



DEAN STILL: "Our goal is to make a very inexpensive stove -- let's say five dollars -- that makes very, very little smoke, so it's safe for health, diminishes global warming and diminishes deforestation. And so it's an ongoing problem to work on."



Dean still “我们的目标是生产一款价格更低廉的炉子—比例价格在5美元,产生很少的烟,对健康更安全,减少全球变暖,减少森林砍伐。因此,这是我们正在从事的需要解决的问题。



Aprovecho has now partnered with a stove manufacturer in China. The company is making Aprovecho's first mass produced stoves. They are said to use forty to fifty percent less wood than an open fire, and produce fifty to seventy-five percent less smoke. A company called StoveTec is selling them through its Web site for less than ten dollars. Dean Still says that more than one hundred thousand have been sold so far.



Aprovecho研究中心现在有一个在中国生产炉子的合作伙伴。公司正在大批量生产Aprovecho研制的炉子。据说比自由打火式的炉子要少用40%到50%的木材,并且少产生50%到75%的烟。一家叫做StoveTec的公司正在通过他们的网站销售炉子,价格低于10美金。Dean Still 说目前该公司已经销售了超过10万款这种的炉子。


文章来源于网络,如有侵权请联系我们,将会在第一时间处理
更多资讯可以关注微信公众号:IELTSIM。
[AD] 点击此处了解【雅思合集】【学习计划定制】【终生VIP服务】
雅思考官亲授 | 写作框架之大作文13句原则和小作文4段式结构
实例评点雅思写作10大爆款级“见官死”开头
7种雅思大作文的开头方法汇总
雅思小作文冲击7+各类题型写作技能汇总