良好的开端是成功的一半，引言段背景句的写法

 I 背景介绍：

在具体写作的过程中，考生要遇到的第一步事情应该是引言段的写作。俗话说，万事开头难。很多考生不知道怎样开头，浪费时间，导致无法在规定时间内完成250个单词的大作文。本文中，将推荐给考生们一种写引言段的有效方法，即可先通过对background 的描写来引出话题。

II  Background 方法介绍

1) 追根溯源法

即从题目给出的话题中找出这个现象产生的原因来扩展背景句。这种方法适合大多数的话题，考生要尽量在考前做练习，这样在考试就可以得心应手了。

请看下面的例子：

There are social, medical and technical problems associated with the use of mobile phones. What forms do they take? Do you agree that the problems outweigh the benefits of mobile phones?

这个题目中给出的话题是mobile phone，所以考生可以从它产生的原因来考虑，就是科技的繁荣，而科技的繁荣，手机的广泛使用是在20世纪末，这样背景句就有内容可写了。当然要通过相应的句型来写了。

如… (time) witnessed …

这个背景句就可以写成： The late 20th century witnessed the boom of science and technology, which gave rise to a series of technological innovations, including the mobile phone.

2) 重述法

即对关于这个话题的当前现状的重述

请看一例：

Nowadays, people are facing more and more work-related stress. State the possible reasons for this phenomenon and make some recommendations about how to combat it。

本题的话题关于压力，那考生可从当前社会现象来考虑这个问题，考生不难想出当下对压力这一现象的情况，即很多人都在承受着或多或少的压力。可用it is generally believed that … 形式主语的句型。

参考: It is generally believed that white-collar as well as blue-collars workers are suffering from psychological and physical stress stemming from work.

3) 定义法

对特别明显的词语，考生可借鉴这种方法。

请看一例：

The main purpose of public libraries is to provide books and they should not waste their limited resources and space on providing expensive hi-tech media such as computer software, videos and DVDs. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

本题中的话题词为图书馆，可以解释的词也是图书馆比较方便容易。那么到底怎样解释呢，比如说图书馆在传统意义上来看，是收藏书的地方，而现在因为科技发展，使得图书馆的意义发生改变，从而引出话题。这里同样可以用形式主语：

It is generally believed that public libraries are places with a large collection of books; however, the digital time has given it a new means of storing and retrieving information.

III  Background 句型介绍：

1) It is … that …

It is … who … 强调句型

Eg:It is the traditions in Beijing that attract many foreign tourists.

2) It is generally believed

t is the case that …

It is apparent that … 等形式主语

3) 状语前置

In spite of this, the obvious benefits of computer skills for young children cannot be denied.

Just like movie stars, they live extravagant lifestyles with huge houses and cars.

4) 时间引导的叙述句型

Lately, the problem of unemployment has been brought to popular attention that governments at all levels place it on the agenda as the first matter.

根据以上的分析，考生可通过这两个方面来做到背景句的描写，从而在开头就吸引考官的注意力，好的开始是成功的一半，有了好的开始，为考生在写作中做到思路清晰，以及节省时间都打了坚实的基础。